Abstract
A three-input hybrid system for solar car is designed in this project. It consists of one unidirectional input power port and two bidirectional power ports with a storage element. Depending on utilization state of the battery, three different power operation modes are defined for the converter. Battery charging in the system is carried out from the amorphous solar panel mounted on the body and a solar energy harvesting charging station. Since the solar energy is directly given to the DC load, the efficiency of the system will improve. The capacitor which is connected to the lead acid battery will charge at off peak hours and discharge during the acceleration time of the car. In this proposed system energy wasted in the brakes are also recovered and used to charge the lead acid battery. Hence competent Hybrid Electric Vehicle was developed by using super capacitor and regenerative braking scheme.
Keywords
- PhotovoItaic array
- Super capacitor
- Regenerative braking
- DC-DC Converter
Software: MATLAB/SIMULINK
Block Diagram:
Figure 1: When the vehicle is moving on a plane
Figure 2: When the vehicle is ascending through the slope
Figure 3: When the vehicle is descending through the slope
Expected Simulation Results:
Figure 4: Output voltage of solar cell
Figure 5: Output voltage of Boost converter
Figure 6: Voltage across super capacitor
Figure 7: armature current
Figure 8: Speed of Armature
Figure 9: input current to the motor
Figure 10: Discharging current from the super capacitor
Figure 11: speed of Armature
Figure 12: generated current
Conclusion
At current levels of technology, installing a super capacitor with regenerative braking scheme provides a feasible method to improve the performances of the vehicles. The simulation results of the proposed systems show that the performance of the vehicle was improved in the following aspects.
(1) Provide better working conditions for the battery and increase its operating life.
(2) Source of energy extended up to the, regenerative braking scheme along with solar source, will increase the system reliability.
(3) Since the super capacitors have the ability to provide a large current in short time acceleration, performance of the vehicle will improve. Future scope of this work is to realize hardware model of the system.
References
[I] Bin Wu, Fang Zhuo, Fei Long, WeiweiGu, Yang Qing, YanQinLiu”A management strategy for solar panel battery -super capacitor hybrid energy system in solar car” 8th International Conference on Power Electronics – ECCE Asia May 30-June 3, 2011
[2] HyunjaeYoo; Seung-Ki SuI; Yongho Park; JongchanJeong; , “System Integration and Power-Flow Management for a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Super capacitors and Batteries,” Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on , vo1.44, no.l, pp.I08-114, Jan.-Feb. 2008
[3] Jinrui N, Zhifu W’, Qinglian “Simulation and Analysis of Performance of a Pure Electric Vehicle with a Super-capacitor”2006 IEEE.
[4] T. Smith, 1. Mars, and G. Turner, “Using super capacitors to improve battery performance,” in Proc. IEEE Conf.PESC02, Jun., vol. 1, pp. 124-128.
[5] R. Schupbach, 1. C. Balda, “The role of Ultracapcitors in an Energy Storage Unit for Vehicle Power Management”, IEEE Proceedings of the 58th Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2003-Fall, Vol.3, 6-9 October 2003, Orlando,Florida.